Civil Service Pdf Reviewer Free Download

Last Updated on 12/02/2021 by

Let's start with a harrowing statistic:

10.71% or 1 out of every 10 examinees.

That's exactly how many passed the civil service examinations conducted by the Civil Service Commission (CSC) in March 2018.

We can blame whoever created the questionnaires or even the deteriorating quality of education in the Philippines (as attested by our dismal ranking in a recent global survey for reading comprehension).

However, neither of these is within your control.

So instead of being discouraged, you can increase your chances of passing–or even topping–the civil service exam by preparing for it.

But you don't need an ordinary preparation. With the limited time you have to review, what you need is time- and science-tested strategies that guarantee maximum learning.

In this free civil service reviewer, you'll learn about these strategies and more.

But before we proceed, let's go back to basics.

Related: How to Pass Civil Service Exam in One Take: An Ultimate Guide

Table of Contents

Why should I take and pass the civil service exam?
What to Review for the Civil Service Exam.
How to Review for the Civil Service Exam.
- Strategy #1: Spaced practice/Spaced Repetition.
- Strategy #2: Retrieval practice/Practice testing.
The Ultimate Civil Service Exam Reviewer (with Free Practice Tests and Answer Keys)
- 1. Verbal Ability.
  - Verbal Ability Modules and Readings (to be updated).
  - Verbal Ability Shortcuts and Topic Summaries Printable Handouts (to be updated).
  - Verbal Ability Printable Flashcards (to be updated).
  - Verbal Ability Review Tips and Tricks.
  - Verbal Ability Practice Tests (Free PDF Downloads).
  - Civil Service Exam Prep Black Book (Verbal Ability): Strategies + Mock Exam (Coming Soon).
- 2. Numerical Ability.
  - Numerical Ability Modules and Readings (to be updated).
  - Numerical Ability Shortcuts and Topic Summaries Printable Handouts (to be updated).
  - Numerical Ability Printable Flashcards (to be updated).
  - Numerical Ability Review Tips and Tricks.
  - Numerical Ability Practice Tests (Free PDF Downloads).
  - Civil Service Exam Prep Black Book (Numerical Ability): Strategies + Mock Exam (Coming Soon).
- 3. Analytical Ability (Professional Level Only).
  - Analytical Ability Modules and Readings (to be updated).
  - Analytical Ability Shortcuts and Topic Summaries Printable Handouts (to be updated).
  - Analytical Ability Printable Flashcards (to be updated).
  - Analytical Ability Review Tips and Tricks.
  - Analytical Ability Practice Tests (Free PDF Downloads).
  - Civil Service Exam Prep Black Book (Analytical Ability): Strategies + Mock Exam (Coming Soon).
- 4. Clerical Ability (Sub-Professional Level Only).
  - Clerical Ability Modules and Readings (to be updated).
  - Clerical Ability Shortcuts and Topic Summaries Printable Handouts (to be updated).
  - Clerical Ability Printable Flashcards (to be updated).
  - Clerical Ability Review Tips and Tricks.
  - Clerical Ability Practice Tests (Free PDF Downloads).
  - Civil Service Exam Prep Black Book (Clerical Ability): Strategies + Mock Exam (Coming Soon).
- 5. General Information.
  - General Information Modules and Readings (to be updated).
  - General Information Shortcuts and Topic Summaries Printable Handouts (to be updated).
  - General Information Printable Flashcards (to be updated).
  - General Information Review Tips and Tricks.
  - General Information Practice Tests (Free PDF Downloads).
  - Civil Service Exam Prep Black Book (General Information): Strategies + Mock Exam (Coming Soon).
Leave Us a Comment or Review!

Why should I take and pass the civil service exam?

The civil service exam is held twice a year to determine which individuals are fit to work for the Philippine government.

Passing this exam grants you Civil Service Eligibility which is one of the qualifications you need to meet if you want to work in a government office or agency.

READ: How to Apply for Government Jobs in the Philippines: An Ultimate Guide

This exam isn't only for college graduates who want to become civil servants. If you're already working in the government as a contractual/job order/casual/special project worker, passing the civil service exam gives you the chance to become a regular employee and be entitled to incentives and benefits that come with it.

Depending on what government position you're aiming for, you may either take the Subprofessional level exam, which will enable you to apply for first-level positions like crafts, clerical, trades, and custodial service positions; and the Professional level exam, the more challenging exam given to those who want to qualify for first- and second-level government positions (up to Division Chief) that deal with professional, technical, and scientific work.

You can learn more about the civil service examination here.

What to Review for the Civil Service Exam.

It depends on what type of civil service exam you'll be taking.

The professional level exam consists of 170 questions answerable in 3 hours and 10 minutes while the subprofessional level exam has 165 questions which you should finish in 2 hours and 40 minutes.

Both exams contain questions about the following subjects/topics:

Personal Information (20 questions) like your name, birth date, etc.
General Information (15 to 20 questions) which revolves around the Philippine Constitution, Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees (RA 6713), Peace and Human Rights Issues and Concepts, and Environment Management and Protection
Verbal Ability (50-60 questions in English or Filipino) which will test your knowledge of vocabulary, grammar, and correct usage, reading comprehension, and paragraph/passage/sentence organization
Numerical Ability (40-45 questions in English or Filipino) which includes word problems, graph interpretation, and basic operations/simple arithmetic

While they have a lot in common, both types of civil service exam also feature a subtest that is unique to each of them:

For the Professional level: Analytical Ability (30-40 questions in English or Filipino) which will measure your logical reasoning skills. It has questions on word association, number series, identifying assumptions and conclusions, single-word or double-word analogy, logic, and data interpretation
For the Subprofessional level: Clerical Ability (30-40 questions in English or Filipino) which will test how familiar you are with different clerical operations like filing, alphabetizing, and spelling

To help you with your review, this civil service reviewer will dedicate specific sections for each of the subtests listed above.

How to Review for the Civil Service Exam.

We all have our preferences when it comes to studying techniques. Some prefer to study alone while others absorb more information when they're in a group study session. Some like to read, while others watch video tutorials.

But when it comes to preparing for an important test like the civil service examination, you want to ensure that whatever reviewing strategy you're using will give you the optimal chance to succeed. In other words, you can't afford to use the same old methods you've been using if it never got you anywhere or worse, it's the reason why you keep on failing the civil service exam.

That's why here in FilipiKnow, we have designed our reviewer around two effective techniques that are backed by scientific studies:

Strategy #1: Spaced practice/Spaced Repetition.

Instead of last-minute cramming, you should space out your study session over a specific period of time.

Let's assume you've got 3 1/2 months to prepare for the professional-level civil service exam. Using the principle of spaced practice, you can assign one exam category for each month.

So for the first month, you're going to review topics under Verbal Ability; the second month for topics under Numerical Ability; and the third month for Analytical Ability. You can allocate at least three hours of review each week, focusing on a singular topic/subject. Then, you can review your notes again at the end of each month and again for the very last time a few days before the scheduled examination.

By scheduling your review sessions this way, you'll be able to jog your memory and recall what you learned the first time around. This process of forgetting and retrieval, according to researchers, helps cement the new knowledge in place thereby improving your long-term memory.

Strategy #2: Retrieval practice/Practice testing.

While spaced practice teaches you "when" to study for the exam, retrieval practice instructs you on "how" to study.

Rereading or restudying information is not enough. In fact, it only gives you a false sense of familiarity–you think you know the review material all too well even though you never tested how well you know it.

So what should you do? Take practice tests. Lots of them.

Testing helps strengthen your long-term memory, a finding that is supported by decades of scientific research. A recent study even shows that answering practice tests are more effective than rereading or highlighting your notes.

Practice tests are effective because it encourages deep learning. It enables you to retrieve a memory and each time you do it (which is exactly what happens when you take practice tests), it becomes more accessible in the future.

To get the best results, it's also recommended to space your retrievals. This is why we've provided free practice tests in this reviewer which you can take as a diagnostic exam to help you figure out your weakest areas. The review notes we're currently developing also have practice tests which you should take each time you finish studying a topic/subject.

Finally, our free mock exam which you can download in PDF format has the exact number of items as the actual civil service exam. Take this exam once you're done with the study notes so you can gauge how prepared you are and brush up on topics that you might have missed during the review.

Now that you know when and how to review, let's now proceed to the specific subjects that you need to study for the exam.

The Ultimate Civil Service Exam Reviewer (with Free Practice Tests and Answer Keys)

1. Verbal Ability.

Verbal Ability Modules and Readings (to be updated).

1. Grammar.

Parts of Speech/Grammatical Categories
Sentence Structure/Construction
Punctuation
Subject-verb Agreement
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
Verb Tense
Common Grammar Mistakes
Parallelism or Principle of Parallel Structure
Balarilang Filipino

2. Vocabulary.

Parts of a Word
Word Meanings
Confusing Words/Correct Usage
Synonyms
Antonyms
Homonyms
Contextual Meaning
Talasalitaan

3. Paragraph Organization.

4. Reading Comprehension.

Verbal Ability Shortcuts and Topic Summaries Printable Handouts (to be updated).

Verbal Ability Printable Flashcards (to be updated).

Verbal Ability Review Tips and Tricks.

Build your word bank as early as possible so that you can ace the vocabulary part of the exam which often asks about words that are rarely used in daily conversations. Most reviewers often provide a list of vocabulary words commonly asked in exams but no list is ever comprehensive. If you still have months to prepare for the civil service exam, it's time to binge-read on your favorite classic American novels like To Kill a Mockingbird, the Harry Potter series, or The Chronicles of Narnia, just to name a few. Too broke to purchase new books? Head over to ReadAnyBook and find some hidden gems that you can download for free. While enjoying the reading experience, don't forget to keep a dictionary or thesaurus (book or mobile app) nearby so you can quickly look up the meanings of unfamiliar words. For better retention, use each word in a sentence that you create yourself. If you're not into fiction, you can also read news articles, long-form feature stories, or editorials so long as they're from reliable sources like The New York Times, The Atlantic, or the Philippine Daily Inquirer. Especially if you only have a few weeks left to review, it's imperative to couple your reading habits with a healthy dose of practice tests. The more vocabulary tests you answer, the more unfamiliar words you'll encounter and eventually will be added to your word bank.
Learn a new word a day. If you don't mind receiving daily email newsletters, you can sign up at Oxford English Dictionary Word of the Day to receive your regular dose of new vocabulary words. On the other hand, if you prefer not to clutter your email with newsletters you don't even have the time to open regularly, you can bookmark Dictionary.com Word of the Day instead and view the page whenever you have time. Aside from the word itself, which oftentimes too obscure to be used in regular conversations, you should also take note of the root words and affixes so you can familiarize yourself with how words are formed and how related they are to each other. Again, you'll remember new words better if you use them in a sentence and write everything down in a lightweight notebook. This way, the new words will be stored in both your visual and kinesthetic memories, the latter being associated with the movements of your hands when writing.
If reading is more of a chore, you can also try other learning mediums you truly enjoy. Remember, learning is more effective if you obtain it through something that really interests you. Don't force yourself to read a book if it bores you to tears. After all, you can also expand your vocabulary by watching your favorite foreign movies and TV series (don't forget to turn on the English subtitles) or listening to mind-enriching podcasts.
Use creative techniques to study grammar and vocabulary more effectively. For example, you can use mental visualizations to associate an image or a movement to any word you want to memorize. If you look up the meaning of the word "append", it literally means "add" so you can simply imagine the double letter 'p' getting flipped over to remind yourself of its meaning. You can also use mnemonic devices or flashcards created via free apps/online tools like Chegg Prep or Quizlet. Flashcards can also be made manually using index cards with both sides filled with bite-sized information that makes sense to you (e.g., a vocabulary word on one side and its meaning on the other side, or a rule in subject-verb agreement on one side and an example on the other side).
When reviewing for Vocabulary, it's always best to start with the basics (i.e., parts of a word that include affixes and Latin root words). This way, you can easily decipher the meaning of unfamiliar words even without the need to memorize a whole dictionary. Affixes are either prefixes or suffixes which are letters or a group of letters attached to either the beginning or end of a word to form another word. If you understand the meaning of a prefix or a suffix, you can easily figure out the meaning of a word faster and answer questions that directly ask for the synonym or antonym of a specific word. To get started, you can download this list of the most common prefixes and suffixes in the English language. The prefix "mis-", for example, means "wrongly" so any word where this prefix is present has a negative meaning as in the case of "misnomer" which is defined as "a wrong or inaccurate name or designation". Most English words are rooted in Latin/Greek so identifying these words and their origins will help you to not only remember them but also recognize other words with similar etymology. The words audiophile and bibliophile, for example, are derived from the Greek word "philos" meaning "loving" so it makes sense why they're used to refer to people who love music and books, respectively. For a list of common Latin and Greek words and the English words derived from them, you can visit this page and this page. You can also check out the "Parts of a Word" section under Vocabulary in the list of Modules and Readings we created above.
When asked to choose the best meaning of a word you absolutely have no idea about, look for contextual clues. A context refers to the information surrounding the unfamiliar word which offers clues to its meaning. These clues may be in the form of punctuation, synonym, antonym, or inferred relationships between sentences surrounding the word. Remember, when answering vocabulary questions using contextual meaning, you have to treat the unfamiliar word as if it's not even there. This way, you can accurately determine the overall tone and meaning of the sentence which will then lead you to the best answer. Besides, most words have different meanings depending on how they're used in a sentence (e.g., "expire" which can mean either "died" or "ended") so relying on the literal meaning of the word in question is not accurate in this case. For a more detailed discussion, see "Contextual Meaning" under Vocabulary Modules and Readings.
Context can also be used to answer Sentence Completion questions wherein you'll be asked to pick from the available choices the word that best fits the meaning of the sentence. For best results, cover the choices first and just focus on the sentence. Read the entire sentence to yourself including the "blank". This way, you'll get the overall sense of the meaning of the sentence and how its different parts relate to each other without being influenced by what's on the choices. Once you see the available choices and none of them sounds familiar, use the process of elimination and educated guessing with the help of context clues to end up with the best answer. The image below is an example of a Sentence Completion question you'll most likely encounter in a civil service examination. By using the context, you get the impression that Steven's behavior is exactly the opposite of tardiness which he feels is "a sign of irresponsibility". Hence, we're looking for the antonym or opposite of "tardiness" leading to "punctual" being the correct answer.

To answer Paragraph Organization or Parajumble questions correctly, identify the first/topic sentence and the concluding idea/last sentence first before you proceed to find all the supporting sentences in between. The first sentence usually captures the main idea of the paragraph whereas the concluding sentence summarizes it and usually begins with the words in summary, as a whole, therefore, and finally. The supporting sentences, on the other hand, contain transition words like first, second, however, and on the other hand to connect the sentences together.
Instead of reading the whole passages in the Reading Comprehension section of the exam, it's better to save more time by going straight to the question. After reading the question first, go over to the specific part/s of the passage and skim-search for the answers. It's easier to beat questions like this if you already know what you're looking for.
Identification of Errors is a common test format that you can easily excel at by reviewing the basics of grammar, punctuation, usage, and word choice. If you have a good foundation in all of these English proficiency essentials, then you can easily answer questions about identifying errors like the sample shown below (obviously, the correct answer is letter C since it contains the error). A more systematic approach in answering this type of question is by first reading the sentence to yourself (not aloud as you will distract other examinees). Then, go over each underlined section a couple of times before finally choosing your answer through the process of elimination. Remember, in this type of question, the sentence can either contain an error or no error at all. No sentence can contain more than one error.

Verbal Ability Practice Tests (Free PDF Downloads).

Verbal Ability Practice Test (Set 1): Questions | Answers
Verbal Ability Practice Test (Set 2): Questions | Answers
Verbal Ability Practice Test (Set 3): Questions | Answers
Verbal Ability Practice Test (Set 4): Questions | Answers
Verbal Ability Practice Test (Set 5): Questions | Answers

Civil Service Exam Prep Black Book (Verbal Ability): Strategies + Mock Exam (Coming Soon).

2. Numerical Ability.

Numerical Ability Modules and Readings (to be updated).

1. Arithmetic and Number Sense.

Real Numbers and Imaginary Numbers
Operations on Integers
Order of Operations (PEMDAS)
Factors and Multiples
Divisibility Rules
Fractions and Decimals
Operations on Fractions and Decimals
Percent
Ratio and Proportion

2. Basic Algebra.

Algebraic Expressions
Laws of Exponents
Polynomials
Special Products and Factoring
Linear Equations
Quadratic Equations
Rational Expressions
Radical Expressions
Inequalities
Functions
Cartesian Coordinate System
Using Algebra to Solve Word Problems

3. Basic Geometry.

Introduction to Geometry: Undefined Terms, Definitions, Postulates, and Theorems
All about Angles
Perimeter and Area of Plane Figures
Volume of Solid Figures
Circles
Right Triangles

4. Basic Statistics.

Measures of Central Tendency
Probability
Factorials

Numerical Ability Shortcuts and Topic Summaries Printable Handouts (to be updated).

Numerical Ability Printable Flashcards (to be updated).

Numerical Ability Review Tips and Tricks.

Brush up on the basic math concepts as they're the ones that appear on civil service exams, not the more advanced topics like trigonometry and calculus. This is according to the past examinees we found through our research, most of whom even said that the Verbal Ability (English) part of the civil service exam is relatively more difficult. However, it doesn't mean you shouldn't dedicate as much time to reviewing for the math section, especially if it has been years since your college graduation. If you're one of these people who have partially or completely forgotten all the math concepts you learned in high school/college, then the "Modules and Readings" section we've prepared above will benefit you a lot. Read all these review materials and don't forget to take as many practice tests as possible so you can improve your mathematical competence prior to taking the civil service exam.
Practice solving arithmetic operations quickly without the use of a calculator. As you may already know, calculators, mobile phones, tablets, or other similar gadgets will not be allowed inside the testing rooms which means you have no other choice but to do the manual calculation on all math problems. But since there's a time limit, not only do you need to do the calculations manually but also swiftly and accurately. Fortunately, YouTube has plenty of free educational videos that will help you improve in this area. All you need to do is enter the keyword "how to [type of calculation you want to learn] without a calculator" (e.g. how to multiply and divide without a calculator or how to find percentage without a calculator) in the search box, hit Enter, and let YouTube recommend the best videos for you. Another technique you can use is finger multiplication which, as its name suggests, enables you to calculate manually with the help of your fingers.
When reviewing math, repeated testing is more effective than rote memorization. There's no formula to memorize nor any mathematical symbols to obsess over. All you have to do is answer as many practice questions as possible and meticulously study how the usual test questions (specifically word problems) are formatted. This way, you can understand the best way to reach a solution to a math problem that makes sense to you. Remember, you can never underestimate the power of test-enhanced learning when preparing for math exams.
Enjoy learning and don't let numbers intimidate you. Math is in and of itself hard enough but it can even be more challenging if you let your past negative experiences with the subject get the better of you. Look at every math problem as a fun mystery to be solved and pretend you're Sherlock Holmes who gets a sense of fulfillment from every question you answer correctly. Learn to be the master of your anxiety or it will master you.
Solve math problems strategically so you won't waste a lot of time on a single question. Remember, when answering math tests (especially ones that prohibit the use of a calculator), it's not enough that you know the answer to the question. How fast you answer the question is equally important. But how exactly can you solve math problems manually without wasting a lot of time? It all boils down to strategies. One such strategy is answering the easier questions first before going back to items that take more time to answer. You can also try the model or diagram method of answering math questions. Basically, instead of using the traditional but time-consuming way of solving math problems in multiple steps, you illustrate the question (using bars, Venn diagram, etc.) so you have a clear visual presentation of what you're trying to solve. This is especially useful when solving tricky word problems in civil service exams. Let's say you're asked to solve this word problem: "A plate of special Sisig rice and a bowl of beef noodles cost Php 80. If the bowl of beef noodles costs Php 20 more than the plate of Sisig rice, then how much is the bowl of beef noodles?" Instead of using complicated equations to solve this problem, you can draw a model based on the available information and apply the appropriate mathematical operations to come up with the answer (see figure below). You can learn more about the model approach in solving word problems in the "Modules and Readings" section above.

Numerical Ability Practice Tests (Free PDF Downloads).

Numerical Ability Practice Test (Set 1): Questions | Answers
Numerical Ability Practice Test (Set 2): Questions | Answers
Numerical Ability Practice Test (Set 3): Questions | Answers
Numerical Ability Practice Test (Set 4): Questions | Answers

Civil Service Exam Prep Black Book (Numerical Ability): Strategies + Mock Exam (Coming Soon).

3. Analytical Ability (Professional Level Only).

Analytical Ability Modules and Readings (to be updated).

Word Association
Identifying Assumptions and Conclusions
Logic
Number Sequences
Data Interpretation

Analytical Ability Shortcuts and Topic Summaries Printable Handouts (to be updated).

Analytical Ability Printable Flashcards (to be updated).

Analytical Ability Review Tips and Tricks.

Familiarize yourself with the common ways of relating words in Word Association questions. Sometimes we can easily see the relationship between the given words (e.g. big : large, small : tiny. It is obvious that the pairs of words are synonyms).

Most of the time, however, it is difficult to determine how the words are related. Thus, it is important to get familiar with some ways on how pairs of words are related:

Examples of these relationships are:

Antonyms (opaque : clear, fancy : simple).
Unit of measure used (length : meters , electric current : amperes)
Category (Occupation : Salesman, Hobby : Singing)
Description (Paper : thin, Water : odorless)
Function (Pen : to write, stove : to cook)
Person to action (chef : cook, dancer : perform)

You will be able to determine more ways on how given words are related if you always practice answering this type of question.

When answering Word Association questions, you can also borrow the same strategy we introduced in the Verbal Ability section of our free NMAT reviewer. This strategy involves describing the relationship of the first pair of words in a sentence and then use the same sentence format to figure out the answer for the second pair.

Let's say the question is:

ODOMETER : MILEAGE :: COMPASS :

A. SPEED

B. HIKING

C. NEEDLE

D. DIRECTION

To get the answer, we can come up with the sentence "Odometeris an instrument usedto measure mileage." Based on this relationship, we can now find out what exactly about the compass is being asked:"Compass is an instrument used to determine direction."

Do not get intimidated by the questions. Some questions may look difficult because of the complicated statements involved. However, not every question is constructed this way. In fact, there are questions that only require common sense to answer.

Learn some basics of logic. It will not hurt to brush up on some basic "rules" in logic. Knowing these simple "rules" will give you an advantage in answering logic-related questions.

Example: If it will be rainy tomorrow, then I will not go to my friend's house.

If I will go to my friend's house, then ___________________

(A) tomorrow is rainy

(B) tomorrow is not rainy

If you know the law of contraposition in logic, then this question should be easy. The Law of Contraposition states that a statement of the form "If A then B" is logically equivalent to "If not B then A". Hence, the statement in the blank should be tomorrow is not rainy.

Another rule is the Hypothetical Syllogism that states the statement of the form "If A then B, If B then C" will lead to "If A then C"

Example:

If you will be inspired, then you will create a poem.

If you create a poem, then she will be grateful.

If you will be inspired, then she will be grateful.

Assuming that the first two statements are true, is the third statement also true?

By hypothetical syllogism, the third statement is true.

Logic questions can be answered easily if you illustrate them. Plainly reading the given statements in a logic type of question is very confusing. You may simplify the given statements by visualizing them using a Venn diagram.

Example:

Only confident people are actors

All actors are wealthy

Ben is wealthy

Ben is a confident person.

Is the fourth statement certainly true?

If we are going to visualize the statements using a Venn diagram, we can easily determine if the fourth statement is certainly true.

If Ben is wealthy, then Ben belongs to the circle representing "wealthy". However, we are not that certain whether Ben is in the region outside the smaller circle or in the region inside the smaller circle. Hence, the fourth statement is not certainly true.

Be familiar with the common patterns used in number sequences. Familiarizing yourself with the different possible patterns of number sequences will enable you to determine the succeeding terms in a short amount of time. Exam takers usually used trial and error to determine the pattern behind the sequence. Sometimes this method is effective. However, trial and error is time-consuming and might not give you the pattern you are looking for.

These are the common types (or patterns) of number sequences:

Arithmetic Sequences – this is a type of numerical sequence where the succeeding terms in the sequence are obtained by adding a constant number to the previous terms. Example: 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, … is an arithmetic sequence.
Geometric Sequences – this is a type of numerical sequence where the succeeding terms in the sequence are obtained by multiplying a constant number to the previous terms. Example: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, … is a geometric sequence.
"Alternating" Sequences – this is a type of numerical sequence where mathematical operations are alternating to define the succeeding terms of the sequence. Example: 4, 5, 15, 16, 48, 49, 147, …(The terms are obtained by adding 1 to a term and then multiplying 3 to the resulting number).
Recursive Sequences – this is a type of numerical sequence where the terms of the sequence are defined in terms of the previous terms. Example: 1, 3, 4, 7, 11, …(The sequence is formed by adding the two previous terms of the sequence).
"Special" Sequences – this a type of numerical sequence where the succeeding terms are defined in a "special" way. For example, the sequence 1, 4, 9, 16, … is defined as the sequence of the square of whole numbers from 1 onwards.

Skip data interpretation type of questions and return to them if you have some time – Data analysis questions require a lot of time. You need to carefully look at the given graphs which is very time-consuming. There will also be instances when you have to compute large values from the given information of the graph (specifically with pie charts). Thus, it is advisable to answer them last when taking the Analytical Ability subtest.

Analytical Ability Practice Tests (Free PDF Downloads).

Analytical Ability Practice Test (Set 1): Questions | Answers
Analytical Ability Practice Test (Set 2): Questions | Answers
Analytical Ability Practice Test (Set 3): Questions | Answers
Analytical Ability Practice Test (Set 4): Questions | Answers
Analytical Ability Practice Test (Set 5): Questions | Answers

Civil Service Exam Prep Black Book (Analytical Ability): Strategies + Mock Exam (Coming Soon).

4. Clerical Ability (Sub-Professional Level Only).

Clerical Ability Modules and Readings (to be updated).

Alphabetical Filing.
Spelling.

Clerical Ability Shortcuts and Topic Summaries Printable Handouts (to be updated).

Clerical Ability Printable Flashcards (to be updated).

Clerical Ability Review Tips and Tricks.

Always start by rewriting the given names in the appropriate format. It is much easier if you rewrite them first in the appropriate format before alphabetizing names especially if the given names are almost identical.

Suppose the given names are:

Julian Guerrero Jr.
Julian Guerrero Sr.
Dr. Julian Guerrero Jr.
Dr. Julian Guerrero Sr.
Julian A. Guerrero

The names are almost identical. Thus, it is important to rewrite them in the appropriate format as discussed here:

Guerrero, Julian Jr.
Guerrero, Julian Sr.
Guerrero, Julian Jr. Dr.
Guerrero, Julian Sr. Dr.
Guerrero, Julian A.

Notice that it is now much easier to alphabetize them. The final arrangement then should be:

Guerrero, Julian A.
Guerrero, Julian Jr.
Guerrero, Julian Jr. Dr.
Guerrero, Julian Sr.
Guerrero, Julian Sr. Dr.

You can only master the rules of alphabetizing a set of names if you practice in a regular manner. It is not enough that you just know these rules. It is also necessary to apply them in different sets of names. As you regularly answer practice questions, the rules of alphabetizing will be more familiar to you.

Learn basic spelling rules. Just like grammar, there are rules that govern spelling. Some examples of these rules are:

Letter Q is always followed by letter U (query not qeury)
If "all" is used as a prefix of a word, we only use a single "l" (e.g., always not allways). In the case of alleviate, it is spelled with double l since "all" is not used as a prefix in this word.
Every word has a vowel.
Words do not end in the letter v or the letter j.
Letter s is never followed by letter x
Write the letter I before the letter E when the sound is long e. Except for cases when there is a preceding c, or when sounding like an a. Are you confused about whether it should be "siege" or "seige"? Listen to the way you pronounce the word. The word sounds like a long e. Thus, it should be "siege" (i is written first before e). Meanwhile, the word conceive is written such that e comes first before i although it sounds like a long e. The reason behind that is because of the preceding c.On the other hand, the word sleighing sounds like it has an a. Thus, we write the word with a ei.
Use ou in the middle of the word, while use ow in the end. For example, the proper spelling is announce and not annuonce. Meanwhile, it should be hollow and not hollou.
We don't usually add or deduct a letter when adding a prefix. This is the case for misspell. Note that we just add the prefix "mis" to the root word "spell". Thus, we should not deduct any letter to the root word as we add the prefix.

You can learn more basic spelling rules here.

Wider vocabulary improves your spelling skills. One of the reasons why we can't spell a word is that we don't know that word in the first place. Thus, familiarity with these words will boost your spelling skills. Read books, newspapers, online articles, or any reading materials you deem useful to widen your vocabulary.

Be familiar with commonly misspelled English words. There are words that most people find confusing in terms of how they should spell them. Examples are:

accommodate is usually misspelled as acommodate or accomodate.
rhythm is usually misspelled as rythm or ryhtm.
committee is usually misspelled as comittee or commitee.
receive is usually misspelled as recieve.

Even the word misspelled belongs to this list as it is usually misspelled as mispelled. Thus, it is helpful to learn how to spell these words properly so that you won't make the same mistakes. You may refer to this list or this one for commonly misspelled English words.

Look for common types of spelling errors. Since the subtest requires you to spot the misspelled word, you should have an eye of an eagle in spotting such errors. Thus, being familiar with the common spelling errors will save a lot of your time. Commonly spelling errors are:

Double Letters: For instance, the word occasionnally must have single n only.
Misplaced Letters: For instance, the word chateua must be spelled as chateau where a comes first before u.
Missing Letter: There are some instances when some letters of the word are omitted. For instance, camoflage is wrong since u is omitted. The correct spelling is camouflage.

Use the process of elimination. There are some instances when even if you look multiple times in a given list of words, you are still unable to spot errors. In this case, you might consider using elimination. In this strategy, you eliminate those words that you feel are spelled properly. Let's say the given words are:

equilibrium
chiaroscurest
delineate
aureate

You are assured that the words equilibrium and delineate are properly spelled since they are quite familiar words. So you may omit them as possible choices. You are left with aureate and chiaroscurest. It seems that the word aureate has a higher chance of being spelled properly than chiaroscurest. Thus, the answer must be B. (The proper spelling of chiaroscurest is chiaroscurist).

Clerical Ability Practice Tests (Free PDF Downloads).

Clerical Ability Practice Test (Set 1): Questions | Answers
Clerical Ability Practice Test (Set 2): Questions | Answers

Civil Service Exam Prep Black Book (Clerical Ability): Strategies + Mock Exam (Coming Soon).

5. General Information.

General Information Modules and Readings (to be updated).

Philippine Constitution.
Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees (RA 6713).
Peace and Human Rights Issues and Concepts.
Environment Management and Protection.

General Information Shortcuts and Topic Summaries Printable Handouts (to be updated).

General Information Printable Flashcards (to be updated).

General Information Review Tips and Tricks.

Focus on comprehension, not memorization. You don't have to memorize every article and section of 1987 Philippine and the Code of Conduct (RA 6713) but you need to have a good understanding of every concept and rules stipulated in it. One of the best strategies to understand the constitution and the code of conduct is by regularly reading them. It is impossible to learn every detail in one sitting so you have to commit some of your time reading it. For the constitution, start by reviewing the state policies, bill of rights, and the three branches of the Philippine government. Afterward, read the powers, qualifications, and privileges of the President, Vice President, and other government officials in the National Office. For the Code of Conduct, start by reviewing how the article defines the norms of conduct of a public official (professionalism, political neutrality, etc.). Afterward, study the duties and responsibilities of a public official as well as the prohibited acts. You may also read the penalties for not adhering to the code of conduct.

Write summary notes to maximize retention. Writing what you are studying will give you a higher chance of remembering the information. In fact, experts say writing by hand can improve your memory. Thus, if you have a hard time recalling some details in the constitution (such as minimum age requirements for government officials, important dates, number of senators, representatives, etc.) note-taking might give you a lot of help.

Be updated with current political and social issues (and other current events). According to some previous civil service exam takers, some of the actual questions are related to current events. Thus, it will give you an edge if you develop a habit of watching the news, reading newspapers, or even discussing these issues with your friends or colleagues.

General Information Practice Tests (Free PDF Downloads).

General Information Practice Test (Set 1): Questions | Answers
General Information Practice Test (Set 2): Questions | Answers

Civil Service Exam Prep Black Book (General Information): Strategies + Mock Exam (Coming Soon).

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